植物免疫蛋白對(duì)茶葉產(chǎn)量及主要品質(zhì)成分的影響
發(fā)布時(shí)間:2019-09-02 來(lái)源: 歷史回眸 點(diǎn)擊:
摘要:【目的】探討植物免疫蛋白對(duì)茶葉產(chǎn)量及主要品質(zhì)成分的影響,為茶葉高效優(yōu)質(zhì)生產(chǎn)提供技術(shù)支持!痉椒ā吭趶V西鹿寨、融水縣茶園設(shè)噴施800、1000和1200倍液植物免疫蛋白處理,以噴清水為對(duì)照(CK),調(diào)查統(tǒng)計(jì)翌年春茶產(chǎn)量、百芽長(zhǎng)、百芽重及發(fā)芽密度,并測(cè)定分析其主要品質(zhì)成分!窘Y(jié)果】噴施植物免疫蛋白能有效增加茶樹(shù)的百芽長(zhǎng)、百芽重和發(fā)芽密度,從而提高春茶產(chǎn)量,平均提高30.9%,以1000倍液處理的產(chǎn)量最高,較CK提高了39.8%。1000倍液處理的茶葉水浸出物含量、表沒(méi)食子兒茶素沒(méi)食子酸酯(EGCG)含量均顯著高于CK(P<0.05),但各處理茶葉中氨基酸和咖啡堿含量的差異不顯著(P>0.05)!窘Y(jié)論】植物免疫蛋白能提高茶葉產(chǎn)量及水浸出物、茶多酚和EGCG含量,且以1000倍液噴施效果較佳,可在廣西茶葉種植區(qū)推廣應(yīng)用。
關(guān)鍵詞: 茶葉;植物免疫蛋白;產(chǎn)量;品質(zhì)成分
中圖分類(lèi)號(hào): S571.1 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼:A 文章編號(hào):2095-1191(2016)05-0682-04
Abstract:【Objective】Effects of Pulvtong plant immune proteins on tea yield and main quality components were studied, in order to provide technical support for production of high-quality and high-yield tea. 【Method】Tea gardens of Luzhai and Rongshui were sprayed with the 800, 1000, 1200 times diluents of plant immune proteins, with spraying water as control(CK). In the next year, the spring tea yield, 100-bud weight, 100-bud length, bud density were investigated, and the main quality components of tea were determined. 【Result】The results showed that, after spraying plant immune proteins, the 100-bud length and 100-bud weight, bud density of tea were increased, thus the spring tea yield was increased by 30.9%, especially after spraying 1000 times diluent, the spring tea yield was the highest, which was increased by 39.8% compared with CK, moreover, the contents of water extract and epigallocatechin gallate(EGCG) were significantly higher than those of CK(P<0.05). And there were non-significant differences in contents of amino acids and caffeine among different treatments(P>0.05). 【Conclusion】Pulvtong plant immune proteins can increase tea yield and contents of water extract and EGCG, especially 1000 times diluent with optimal effect, which can be popularized and applied in tea growing area of Guangxi.
Key words: tea; plant immune proteins; yield; quality component
0 引言
【研究意義】茶葉的產(chǎn)量和品質(zhì)一直是茶葉生產(chǎn)工作者乃至整個(gè)產(chǎn)茶行業(yè)關(guān)注的問(wèn)題。農(nóng)藥、化肥等化學(xué)制劑的使用在一定程度上可提高茶葉產(chǎn)量及品質(zhì),但也會(huì)帶來(lái)一些負(fù)面影響,如環(huán)境問(wèn)題、產(chǎn)品安全問(wèn)題等。隨著社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展和人民生活水平的提高,社會(huì)對(duì)改善生態(tài)環(huán)境的要求越來(lái)越迫切,對(duì)食品安全問(wèn)題的關(guān)注度越來(lái)越高。植物免疫蛋白是一種綠色安全的新型葉面肥,在蔬菜、水稻上使用可增產(chǎn)、提質(zhì),但在茶葉生產(chǎn)上的使用方法及其對(duì)茶葉產(chǎn)量和品質(zhì)的影響程度尚未確定。因此,探索植物免疫蛋白對(duì)茶葉產(chǎn)量及主要品質(zhì)成分的影響,對(duì)實(shí)現(xiàn)茶葉高效持續(xù)生產(chǎn)具有重要意義!厩叭搜芯窟M(jìn)展】植物免疫蛋白是從植物、酵母和微生物中提取的初生多肽復(fù)合蛋白(NAC),在蔬菜、水稻上的使用已有研究報(bào)道。卓曉光等(2013)研究表明,水稻應(yīng)用植物免疫蛋白可提高抗病能力和產(chǎn)量。吳光譜等(2013)研究發(fā)現(xiàn),植物免疫蛋白結(jié)合其他農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)投入品在水稻上應(yīng)用既能防蟲(chóng)治病,又能提高產(chǎn)量,具有較高的推廣價(jià)值。車(chē)紅偉(2014)研究發(fā)現(xiàn),水稻噴施普綠通葉面肥1000倍液可有效降低常見(jiàn)病害的發(fā)病率,且對(duì)增產(chǎn)有一定效果。農(nóng)吉(2014)研究認(rèn)為,植物免疫蛋白可明顯提高蓮藕產(chǎn)量和品質(zhì)及有機(jī)栽培番茄的生長(zhǎng)質(zhì)量、產(chǎn)量、品質(zhì)和抗病性。陳麗麗等(2015a,2015b)研究表明,植物免疫蛋白能激活植物體的代謝調(diào)控系統(tǒng),誘導(dǎo)抗病免疫反應(yīng),提高免疫力,增強(qiáng)光合作用,促進(jìn)根、莖、葉及果實(shí)生長(zhǎng),改善作物品質(zhì)。在茶樹(shù)葉面肥使用方面,楊麗雪等(2005)研究發(fā)現(xiàn),春茶噴施特效葉面肥能提早開(kāi)采,顯著提高綠茶品質(zhì)及與品質(zhì)密切相關(guān)的有效成分茶多酚、氨基酸和咖啡堿等含量。鄭生宏等(2012)研究發(fā)現(xiàn),在春茶萌芽前噴施葉綠素葉面肥能增加其新梢發(fā)芽密度和百芽重,從而提高產(chǎn)量!颈狙芯壳腥朦c(diǎn)】目前,有關(guān)植物免疫蛋白對(duì)提高茶葉產(chǎn)量、改善茶葉品質(zhì)的研究未見(jiàn)報(bào)道!緮M解決的關(guān)鍵問(wèn)題】對(duì)迎霜茶樹(shù)和九龍大白茶樹(shù)噴施植物免疫蛋白,探討其對(duì)茶葉產(chǎn)量及主要品質(zhì)成分的影響,為茶葉高效優(yōu)質(zhì)生產(chǎn)提供技術(shù)支持。
相關(guān)熱詞搜索:免疫 茶葉 蛋白 成分 產(chǎn)量
熱點(diǎn)文章閱讀