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“(lin)벢ُɣ£͡Уõһ(g)ģ͡ “(lin)벢ُIBMPCI(y)(w)

l(f)r(sh)g:2020-02-16 Դ: ժ c(din)

ժҪ:(du)“(lin)벢ُIBM PCI(y)(w)ġʽُ,ćLԇòՓķM(jn)зͽጡĘ(gu)һ(g)ģ,ԇDf@βُIBMԼ“(lin)IJُxͨ^F(xin)(sh)ı^,ģ͵õ֧ĴС^P(gun)ϵY(ji)IBM(hu)x,“(lin)(zhn)Ya(chn)Ļa(b)Ч(yng),(hu)cһ(g)(qing)PC^ĸُЄٳ
P(gun)I~:(g)X;ُ;;ģ
ЈD̖(ho):F271 īI(xin)(bio)R(sh)a:A

2004128,Ї“(lin)12.5|ԪF(xin)ӹƱȫPُIBM(g)XI(y)(w)Ϣһ,ռI(lng)˂ý^^l,qƽ@,(dng)˸硣һ(g)ЇI(y)󡱵ġԒ,һҹ֮gQ
(du)@βُ,M(jn)н,NՓṩ˲ͬĴ,^LJHͶYՓHՓͲُՓ^,@ЩՓǏijһĽǶȳl(f),M(jn)ІwQ߷,(du)P(gun)ɷ໥Ӱ,෽,]M(jn)ЧĽ@,ČòՓķ,һ(g)ģ́@(g)ُ,ĶõһN෽(dng)ʽc

һՓ

Փ(Game Theory),оQwОl(f)ֱ໥Õr(sh)ěQԼ@NQߵľ↖}һJ(rn),Փ_ʼ1944T•Z(Von Neumann)Ħ˹̹(Morgenstern)ġՓc(jng)(j)О顷(dng)r(sh),ՓJ(rn)ڔ(sh)W(xu)I(lng)һֱo(j)70,Sa(chn)I(y)MՓd,ՓеҪ,V˽(jng)(j)W(xu)I(lng),ɴM(jn)뵽ĹW(xu)I(lng)
mȻՓڽ(jng)(j)I(lng)l(f)չĕr(sh)gL,䏊(qing),ѽ(jng)(du)(jng)(j)I(lng)a(chn)˾޴Ӱ푡F(xin)W΢^(jng)(j)W(xu)Լa(chn)I(y)MՓĽ̿ƕ,ԲՓā(du)ڲՓx,(jng)(j)W(xu)(Jean Tirole)ʾA(y)ʹ^(jng)(j)W(xu)l(f)һ,ՓVh(yun)ĸ׃˽(jng)(j)W(xu)ҵ˼S
ՓF(xin)ѽ(jng)ڽ(jng)(j)I(lng)˺ܴđ(yng)ádȤ,DzՓṩһN(dng)ҕ,[Ó˂y(tng)wҕ໥õı׶,Ķṩ˺ܶdzнO(sh)Եҕ\(yn)òՓķ,҂ԵõІʾԵĽY(ji)Փ

ģ͵Ľ

“(lin)IBM PCTIJُ{(ln),҂һ(g)ģ́M(jn)з(du)“(lin)IBM PCTُļ(x)(ji),ڴ˲,Čģ͵Ľͷ
(һ)ĵąc(Player)
҂ķ,ڷ,҂ģO(sh)(g)c,“(lin)(ºQLenovo,(bio)̖(ho)L),Ҳ҇I(y)Ĵ;IBM PC˜I(y)(ºQIBM,(bio)̖(ho)I),l(f)_(d)ҝڲُĴ;(ºQHP,(bio)̖(ho)H),l(f)_(d)ҝڸُߵĴ(g)I(y)Ƿ˼O(sh),Ŀĺx(bio)(zhn)Œ(sh),҂@(g)ķ֞ɂ(g)A:IBMQ,ȻLenovoHPһQߡ
@ﲢfPCЈֻ@(g),@(g)͵ĸ,ͿԴ톖}ı|(zh),(jng)(j)W(xu)ģеһ(g)S̺һ(g)M(fi),ڴ˔U(ku)չĸҲǿԵ
()c˵IJ(Strategy)
(du)ݸIBM,Ѓɂ(g),(S)򲻳(NS)(du)ЇI(y)Lenovo,ҲЃɂ(g),ُ(B)򲻸ُ(NB)(du)ڏ(qing)ݸHP,Ҳ鸂ُ(B)򲻸ُ(NB)IBMxPCT,߀Dzۡһ,tLenovoHPͬr(sh)QǷُ
()c˵֧(Payoff)
҂ֻоُěQ,r(sh)P(gun)עُČ(sh)H,҂ĸʾ֧׃,ֻM(jn)ЛQǰ֧^,ĶõُQߵĽ
RIRLRH:քeIBMLenovoHPڲُǰ档
C:ʾُăr(ji),wF(xin)鸂ُؔ(ci)(w)ɱ,ͬr(sh)Ҳdz۷
PL:“(lin)벢ُđ(zhn)Ya(chn),͑P(gun)ϵg(sh)Ʒ@ЩoYa(chn),ܽoI(y)δĝͬ,҂PHʾHPIJُđ(zhn)Ya(chn)
()һЩrfO(sh)
(du)ڲIJͬԽMϵIJͬ(du)(yng)֧M,҂oµһЩO(sh)ͷ:һ,(dng)IBMx񲻳ەr(sh),߮(dng)IBMxLenovoHPx񲻸ُr(sh),߸ݑB(ti)׃,֧fRIRLRHڶ,̎ڷķ,҂@r(sh)](f)r(ji)r҂O(sh)ΨһIJُr(ji)C,(dng)LenovoHPُr(sh),HPIBMͬI(y),HP(hu)A֧,ĶͬӵĈ(bo)r(ji)CЫ@
()@Щ,γ²Ę


ĵķ

@,@һ(g)ϲ,ɂ(g)A:һ(g)AIBMxǷԼPCT,tĽY(ji)ڶ(g)Ax,tLenovoHPM(jn)ͬr(sh)QߵoB(ti),xcُ߀Dzc҂Ŀ,ϣҵ@(g)ĵľԼY(ji),ղģ͵M(jn),(hu)l(f)ʲô顣
ղĵĵͽⷨ,҂w{,QƷ,֪ηNY(ji)(hu)F(xin)оIBMxۺ@(g)Ӳ,(hu)ӵһ(g)Y(ji)
(һ)(du)Lenovoķ
(du)Lenovo,xُ,t(du)(yng)֧քeRL(HPُr(sh))RL+PL+RI -C(HPُr(sh))x񲻸ُ,t(du)(yng)֧RL,oՓHPǷُԭ҂ѽ(jng),?yn)o(h)ԭ,ͬI(y)HPAø,@](f)r(ji)Ć}
LenovoxQ֧ĴС,P(gun)IRL+PL+RI -CRL^,Ҳf,^PL+RI -C0P(gun)ϵPL+RI -C>0,t“(lin)xُ䃞(yu)ݲ;PL+RI -C ,@(g)Ƕ҂J(rn),(du)Lenovo,PL,ҕ(hu)dzmȻ丂ُr(ji)C(hu)IBMČ(sh)Hؔ(ci)(w)RI,@(g)ܴđ(zhn)Ya(chn)a(b)Ч(yng),PL+RI -C>0,(du)Lenovo,ُ䃞(yu)ݲҲf,“(lin)(hu)xcُ,oՓHPǷc
()(du)HPķ
LenovoxԸُ,Br,HPěQ߾DZ^Lenovoُ,ԼɷNԵ֧,RH+PH+ RI -CRHĴСҲf,҂Ҫ:
UH-B-UH-NB=RH+PH+ RI -C-RH =PH+ RI -C
,tُ(yu);С,tُ(yu);tɷNԟo^(q)e
҂߀ǁ]PH,HPُIBMđ(zhn)Ya(chn)xͬI(y),ͬӶλи߶Ј,@ȻHPIBMЈغ϶Ⱥܸ,͑P(gun)ϵđ(zhn)xǺܴ,HPͬһғƾR&Dļg(sh)͹˾,PCg(sh)ͬӺ܏(qing),ُIBM PCT(hu)мg(sh)ϵĎ,@Na(b)Կ϶h(yun)g(sh)A(ch)“(lin)҂J(rn)PHmȻ,Ǻܴ
}ؓ(f)(sh)(xing)Cڌ(du)Lenovoķ,҂ѽ(jng)v,丂ُđ(zhn)Ya(chn)xܴƔ,Lenovo܉ܴܺIJُr(ji),@ͨ^(zhn)Ya(chn)ľ~폛a(b),mȻ҂]п]r(ji)C(j),@Lenovo(hu)r(ji)ˮƽCӆ^@(du)HPf,ζُijɱஔ(dng)?sh)Ĵ?HPIBM(zhn)Ya(chn)ě_ͻ,oͨ^ُĻa(b)C(j)Ɓ폛a(b)@Ndzڮ(dng)HPcCompaqĺϲ,ɂ(g)λcҎ(gu)ģஔ(dng)?sh)PCI(y)ϲ,(ni)Ĵڻa(b),Ժϲ(sh)g,HPıF(xin)ʧ
ͨ^(du)PHCķ,҂J(rn),UH-B-UH-NB= PH+ RI -CCr(sh),IBMx񲻳
Y(ji)ϬF(xin)(sh)҂֪,IBM˕r(sh)PCTLJ(yn)̝p,Ҳf,ؓ(f)IBM(jng)^{(dio),PCTf]ɫY@ʾ,2004630,IBMPCI(y)(w)Ӌ(j)̝p_(d)9.73|ԪIBM˾ʾ:PCI(y)(w)B̝p,I\(yn)Yؓ(f)ֵ܉㏊(qing)S,هIBMm(x)Y֧֡
܉ͨ^PCT@һPSԒ,(du)IBMfoǂ(g)ýY(ji)ͬr(sh),PCTҲIBMĺļg(sh),۲(hu)ӰRI

P(gun)~ ُ “(lin)벢ُɣ£͡Уõһ(g)ģ “(lin)벢ُibm pcI(y)(w) “(lin)벢ُibmpcI(y)(w)

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